Alph1-Antitrypsin Test

موضوع: Alph1-Antitrypsin Test الأحد ديسمبر 26, 2010 4:45 pm

Alpha
1-Antitrypsin is an alpha1-globulin produced by the liver. Its function
is inhibition of the proteolytic enzymes trypsin and plasmin, which are
released by alveolar macrophages and by bacteria in the lungs. As with
many other proteins, the alpha 1-AT molecule has several structural
variants. Some of these variant molecules have different electrophoretic
mobility and reduced ability to inhibit proteolytic enzymes.
Inherited
deficiencies in normal alpha 1-AT activity are associated with the
development, early in life, of lung and liver disorders in which
functional tissue is destroyed and replaced with excessive connective
tissue; that is, emphysema and cirrhosis may develop in children and
young adults who are deficient in alpha 1- AT,without the usual
predisposing factors associated with onset of these disorders. Such
deficiencies are seen on serum protein electrophoresis as a flat area
where the normal alpha 1-globulin hump should be.
Decreased levels of alpha1-AT also are seen in nephrotic syndrome and malnutrition.
Reference Values
80 to 213 mg/dL
INTERFERING FACTORS
-Pregnancy
-Oral contraceptive and steroid administration
-Extreme physical stress caused by trauma or surgery
INDICATIONS FOR alpha 1-ANTITRYPSIN TEST
-Genetic absence or deficiency of α1-AT, indicated by decreased levels of the protease
-Suspected inflammation, infection, and necrosis processes, indicated by increased levels of the protease
-Family history of alpha1-AT deficiency

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